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loses itself

  • 1 a loan oft loses both itself and the friend

    lend your money and lose your friend

    English-Ukrainian dictionary of proverbs > a loan oft loses both itself and the friend

  • 2 lose

    1. transitive verb,
    1) verlieren; kommen um, verlieren [Leben, Habe]

    somebody has nothing to lose [by doing something] — es kann jemandem nicht schaden[, wenn er etwas tut]

    lose one's way — sich verlaufen/verfahren

    2) (fail to maintain) verlieren; (become slow by) [Uhr:] nachgehen [zwei Minuten täglich usw.]
    3) (waste) vertun [Zeit]; (miss) versäumen, verpassen [Zeitpunkt, Gelegenheit, Ereignis]
    4) (fail to obtain) nicht bekommen [Preis, Vertrag usw.]; (fail to hear) nicht mitbekommen [Teil einer Rede usw.]; (fail to catch) verpassen, versäumen [Zug, Bus]
    5) (be defeated in) verlieren [Kampf, Spiel, Wette, Prozess usw.]
    6) (cause loss of)

    you['ve] lost me — (fig.) ich komme nicht mehr mit

    7) (get rid of) abschütteln [Verfolger]; loswerden [Erkältung]

    lose weight — abnehmen. See also academic.ru/43876/lost">lost

    2. intransitive verb,
    1) (suffer loss) einen Verlust erleiden; (in business) Verlust machen (on bei); (in match, contest) verlieren

    lose in freshness — an Frische verlieren

    you can't lose — (coll.) du kannst nur profitieren od. gewinnen

    2) (become slow) [Uhr:] nachgehen
    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    [lu:z]
    past tense, past participle - lost; verb
    1) (to stop having; to have no longer: She has lost interest in her work; I have lost my watch; He lost hold of the rope.) verlieren
    2) (to have taken away from one (by death, accident etc): She lost her father last year; The ship was lost in the storm; He has lost his job.) verlieren
    3) (to put (something) where it cannot be found: My secretary has lost your letter.) verlieren
    4) (not to win: I always lose at cards; She lost the race.) verlieren
    5) (to waste or use more (time) than is necessary: He lost no time in informing the police of the crime.) verlieren
    •
    - loser
    - loss
    - lost
    - at a loss
    - a bad
    - good loser
    - lose oneself in
    - lose one's memory
    - lose out
    - lost in
    - lost on
    * * *
    <lost, lost>
    [lu:z]
    I. vt
    1. (forfeit)
    ▪ to \lose sth etw verlieren; (reduce) an etw dat verlieren
    ▪ to \lose sth to sb etw an jdn verlieren
    to \lose altitude/speed an Höhe/Geschwindigkeit verlieren
    to \lose one's appetite den Appetit verlieren
    to \lose blood Blut verlieren
    to \lose one's breath außer Atem kommen
    to \lose courage den Mut verlieren
    to \lose favour with sb jds Gunst verlieren
    to \lose the upper hand die Oberhand verlieren
    to \lose one's job seinen Arbeitsplatz verlieren
    to \lose the lead die Führung abgeben [müssen]
    to \lose money Geld verlieren
    to \lose popularity an Popularität einbüßen
    to \lose trade Geschäftseinbußen erleiden
    to \lose weight an Gewicht verlieren, abnehmen
    2. (through death)
    she lost her son in the fire ihr Sohn ist beim Brand umgekommen
    to \lose a friend/relative einen Freund/Verwandten verlieren
    to \lose one's life sein Leben verlieren
    to \lose a baby ein Kind [o Baby] verlieren
    ▪ to be lost things verschwunden sein; victims umgekommen sein; plane, ship verloren sein
    to \lose an opportunity eine Gelegenheit versäumen
    to \lose time Zeit verlieren
    to \lose no time in doing sth etw sofort [o unverzüglich] tun
    6. watch, clock
    to \lose time nachgehen
    7. (not find)
    ▪ to \lose sb jdn verlieren
    ▪ to \lose sth etw verlieren; (mislay) etw verlegen
    to \lose the path/route vom Weg/von der Route abkommen
    to \lose one's [or the] way sich akk verirren [o verlaufen
    8. AM ( fam: get rid of)
    ▪ to \lose sb/sth jdn/etw abschütteln; pursuer, car jdn/etw abhängen fam
    9. ( fam: confuse)
    ▪ to \lose sb jdn verwirren; (deliberately) jdn in die Irre führen [o irreführen]
    you've lost me there da kann ich dir nicht ganz folgen
    10. (not win)
    ▪ to \lose sth etw verlieren
    to \lose an argument in einer Diskussion unterliegen
    to \lose a battle/game eine Schlacht/ein Spiel verlieren
    11. (forget)
    to \lose a language/skill eine Sprache/Fähigkeit verlernen
    ▪ to \lose sb sth jdn etw kosten [o um etw akk bringen]
    it almost lost me my job es kostete mich fast den Job, es hat mich fast um meinen Job gebracht
    13.
    ▶ to \lose the day [for sb] jdn um den Sieg bringen
    ▶ to \lose face das Gesicht verlieren
    ▶ to \lose one's head den Kopf verlieren
    ▶ to \lose heart den Mut verlieren
    ▶ to \lose one's heart to sb sein Herz [an jdn] verlieren
    ▶ to \lose it ( fam) durchdrehen fam
    I almost lost it ich bin fast verrückt geworden [o fam fast durchgedreht]
    ▶ to \lose one's lunch AM (sl) kotzen sl
    ▶ to \lose one's marbles [or mind] ( fam) nicht mehr alle Tassen im Schrank haben fam
    ▶ to have nothing/something to \lose nichts/etwas zu verlieren haben
    ▶ to \lose one's rag [about [or over] sth] ( fam) [über etw akk] in Wut geraten
    ▶ to \lose one's shirt [on sth] ( fam) sein letztes Hemd [bei etw dat] verlieren fam
    ▶ to \lose sight of sth etw aus den Augen verlieren
    ▶ to \lose sleep over [or about] sth sich dat wegen einer S. gen Sorgen machen, wegen einer S. gen kein Auge zutun können
    ▶ to \lose touch [with sb] den Kontakt [zu jdm] verlieren
    ▶ to \lose touch [with sth] [über etw akk] nicht mehr auf dem Laufenden sein
    ▶ to \lose track [of sth] (not follow) [etw dat] [geistig] nicht folgen können; (not remember)
    I've lost track of the number of times he's asked me for money ich weiß schon gar nicht mehr, wie oft er mich um Geld gebeten hat
    ▶ to \lose oneself [or be lost] in sth sich akk in etw dat verlieren
    ▶ to \lose oneself in thought [völlig] gedankenverloren dastehen/dasitzen
    II. vi
    1. (be beaten)
    ▪ to \lose [to sb/sth] [gegen jdn/etw] verlieren
    the team lost 2-0/by 2 points das Team verlor [mit] 2:0/verpasste den Sieg um 2 Punkte
    2. (flop) ein Verlustgeschäft sein [o darstellen]
    the movie lost big at the box office der Film wurde ein Riesenflop fam
    3. (invest badly)
    ▪ to \lose on sth bei etw dat Verlust machen
    4.
    ▶ you can't \lose du kannst nur gewinnen
    * * *
    [luːz] pret, ptp lost
    1. vt
    1) (generally) verlieren; pursuer abschütteln; one's French vergessen, verlernen; prize nicht bekommen

    or (driver's) license (US) — die Stelle/den Führerschein verlieren

    the cat has lost a lot of hair —

    the shares have lost 15% in a month — die Aktien sind in einem Monat um 15% gefallen

    to lose one's way (lit) — sich verirren; (fig) die Richtung verlieren

    you will lose nothing by helping them —

    they have nothing/a lot to lose — sie haben nichts/viel zu verlieren

    that mistake lost him his job/her friendship/the game — dieser Fehler kostete ihn die Stellung/ihre Freundschaft/den Sieg

    he lost the use of his legs in the accident — seit dem Unfall kann er seine Beine nicht mehr bewegen

    2)
    3)
    4) (= not catch) opportunity verpassen; words nicht mitbekommen

    to lose no opportunity to do sth — keine Gelegenheit verpassen, etw zu tun

    5) (inf

    = go crazy) to lose it — durchdrehen (inf)

    6)

    (passive usages) to be lost (things) — verschwunden sein; (people) sich verlaufen haben; (fig) verloren sein; (words) untergehen

    I can't follow the reasoning, I'm lost — ich kann der Argumentation nicht folgen, ich verstehe nichts mehr

    to be lost at sea — auf See geblieben sein; (ship) auf See vermisst sein

    the ship was lost with all hands — das Schiff war mit der ganzen Besatzung untergegangen

    to get lost — sich verlaufen or verirren; (boxes etc) verloren gehen

    I got lost after the second chapter —

    to get lost in the post/move — in der Post/beim Umzug verloren gehen

    to look lost — (ganz) verloren aussehen; (fig) ratlos or hilflos aussehen

    you look ( as though you're) lost, can I help you? — haben Sie sich verlaufen or verirrt, kann ich Ihnen behilflich sein?

    to give sth up for lost —

    he was lost to science he is lost to all finer feelings — er war für die Wissenschaft verloren er hat keinen Sinn für höhere Gefühle

    the joke/remark was lost on her — der Witz/die Bemerkung kam bei ihr nicht an

    to be lost in thought —

    to be lost in one's reading/playing — in seine Lektüre/sein Spiel versunken sein

    2. vi
    verlieren; (watch) nachgehen

    the novel loses a lot in the film — der Roman verliert in der Verfilmung sehr

    you will not lose by helping him — es kann dir nicht schaden, wenn du ihm hilfst

    * * *
    lose [luːz] prät und pperf lost [lɒst; US besonders lɔːst]
    A v/t
    1. allg eine Sache, auch seinen Glauben, das Interesse, seine Stimme, den Verstand, Zeit etc verlieren:
    have lost one’s voice auch heiser sein;
    lose one’s cool umg an die Decke gehen;
    lose no time in doing sth sich beeilen, etwas zu tun; etwas sofort tun;
    2. sein Vermögen, seine Position etc verlieren, einbüßen, kommen um:
    lose credibility an Glaubwürdigkeit einbüßen oder verlieren;
    lose one’s health seine Gesundheit einbüßen;
    have nothing to lose nichts zu verlieren haben;
    he lost 10 pounds er nahm 10 Pfund ab; → weight A 3
    3. verlieren (durch Tod, Trennung etc):
    a) einen Patienten (an einen anderen Arzt) verlieren,
    b) einen Patienten nicht retten können;
    she has lost her husband to her best friend sie hat ihren Mann an ihre beste Freundin verloren
    4. ein Spiel, einen Prozess etc verlieren:
    point lost Minuspunkt m
    5. einen Preis etc nicht gewinnen oder erringen
    6. eine Gesetzesvorlage nicht durchbringen
    7. den Zug etc, auch fig eine Gelegenheit etc versäumen, -passen
    8. eine Rede etc nicht mitbekommen umg, etwas nicht hören oder sehen (können):
    I lost the end of his speech mir entging das Ende seiner Rede
    9. aus den Augen verlieren
    10. vergessen:
    11. einen Verfolger abschütteln
    12. eine Krankheit loswerden
    13. nachgehen um (Uhr):
    my watch loses two minutes a day meine Uhr geht am Tag zwei Minuten nach
    14. jemanden seine Stellung etc kosten, jemanden bringen um:
    15. lose o.s. in
    a) sich verirren in (dat):
    b) fig sich verlieren in (dat):
    lose o.s. in thought;
    c) fig sich vertiefen in (akk):
    B v/i
    1. auch lose out (to) verlieren (gegen), unterliegen (dat)
    2. auch lose out verlieren, draufzahlen ( beide:
    on bei einem Geschäft etc):
    you won’t lose by doing it es kann nicht(s) schaden, wenn du es tust
    3. a) Verluste erleiden:
    they lost heavily sie erlitten schwere Verluste
    b) verlieren (in bei, durch):
    the story has lost in translation die Geschichte hat durch die Übersetzung (sprachlich) verloren
    4. verlieren (in an dat):
    lose (in weight) (an Gewicht) abnehmen;
    the days were losing in warmth die Tage wurden kälter
    5. schlechter oder schwächer werden:
    he lost daily er wurde von Tag zu Tag schwächer
    6. nachgehen (Uhr)
    * * *
    1. transitive verb,
    1) verlieren; kommen um, verlieren [Leben, Habe]

    somebody has nothing to lose [by doing something] — es kann jemandem nicht schaden[, wenn er etwas tut]

    lose one's way — sich verlaufen/verfahren

    2) (fail to maintain) verlieren; (become slow by) [Uhr:] nachgehen [zwei Minuten täglich usw.]
    3) (waste) vertun [Zeit]; (miss) versäumen, verpassen [Zeitpunkt, Gelegenheit, Ereignis]
    4) (fail to obtain) nicht bekommen [Preis, Vertrag usw.]; (fail to hear) nicht mitbekommen [Teil einer Rede usw.]; (fail to catch) verpassen, versäumen [Zug, Bus]
    5) (be defeated in) verlieren [Kampf, Spiel, Wette, Prozess usw.]

    you['ve] lost me — (fig.) ich komme nicht mehr mit

    7) (get rid of) abschütteln [Verfolger]; loswerden [Erkältung]

    lose weight — abnehmen. See also lost

    2. intransitive verb,
    1) (suffer loss) einen Verlust erleiden; (in business) Verlust machen (on bei); (in match, contest) verlieren

    you can't lose — (coll.) du kannst nur profitieren od. gewinnen

    2) (become slow) [Uhr:] nachgehen
    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    v.
    (§ p.,p.p.: lost)
    = verlieren v.
    (§ p.,pp.: verlor, verloren)

    English-german dictionary > lose

  • 3 Mythical Thinking

       Mythical Thinking Is Not Rational Analysis but Rather the Captivating of Consciousness
       Mythical thinking... does not dispose freely over the data of intuition, in order to relate and compare them to each other, but is captivated and enthralled by the intuition which suddenly confronts it. It comes to rest in the immediate experience; the sensible present is so great that everything else dwindles before it. For a person whose apprehension is under the spell of this... attitude, it is as though the whole world were simply annihilated; the immediate content, whatever it be, commands his... interest so completely that nothing else can exist beside and apart from it. The ego is spending all its energy in this single object, lives in it, loses itself in it. (Cassirer, 1946, pp. 32-33)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Mythical Thinking

  • 4 lose

    lu:z гл.;
    прош. вр. и прич. прош. вр. - lost
    1) а) не сохранять, терять( что-л.) ;
    утрачивать, лишаться( чего-л.) I lost my driving licence/job/friends ≈ я потерял свои водительские права/работу/друзей to lose conscience ≈ потерять сознание to lose an arm/finger ≈ потерять руку/палец, лишиться руки/пальца the plane lost it's altitude ≈ самолет потерял высоту to lose courage/temper ≈ оробеть, растеряться;
    потерять самообладание to lose one's head а) лишиться головы, быть обезглавленным б) перен. потерять голову to lose one's hair а) терять волосы, лысеть;
    б) терять самообладание, срываться б) разг. терять, лишаться (кого-л. вследствие смерти) to lose a baby by miscarriage ≈ потерять ребенка вследствие выкидыша he lost all his relatives ≈ он потерял всех своих родственников
    2) избавиться, отделываться, освобождаться( от чего-л.) to lose one's fears ≈ освободиться от своих страхов to lose weight ≈ похудеть, сбросить вес to lose one's cold, flu ≈ избавиться от насморка, вылечиться от гриппа he lost the cops after him ≈ ему удалось отделаться от полицейских на хвосте Syn: rid
    3) а) возвр. потеряться, затеряться, пропасть( в чем-л. in) I lost myself in this city ≈ я заблудился в этом городе you could easily lose yourself in the book ≈ этой книгой очень легко зачитаться б) страд. исчезнуть, пропасть;
    погибнуть( особ. о корабле, его пассажирах и т. п.) to be lost on the rocks ≈ разбиться о скалы the ship got lost in the open sea ≈ корабль исчез в открытом море
    4) а) терять, упускать (время), не воспользоваться( возможностью и т. п.) he didn't lose his time in eating ≈ во время еды времени он зря не тратил there is not a moment to lose ≈ каждая минута дорога lose the tide ≈ упустить время прилива Syn: waste
    2.
    5) а) пропустить (слово и т. п.) ;
    недослышать, не разглядеть, недопонять to lose some crucial points ≈ пропустить пару важных моментов he never loses a single thing I say ≈ он всегда верно понимает все, что я говорю б) опоздать, не успеть;
    пропустить (поезд, автобус и т. п.) ∙ Syn: miss I
    2., skip I
    2.
    6) проигрывать, уступать to lose a bet/battle/fight/war ≈ проиграть пари/схватку/поединок/войну to lose out ≈ выбыть из соревнования;
    не получить приза
    7) а) терпеть ущерб;
    нести убытки, потери we may lose on/in it ≈ мы можем на этом погореть to lose a million on the deal ≈ потерять на сделке миллион б) стоить, лишать ( чего-л.) it lost him his head ≈ за это он головой поплатился
    8) потерять (что-л.) ;
    затерять, задевать( что-л. куда-л.) I've lost my jacket somewhere ≈ я куда-то задевал куртку to lose oneself ≈ перен. потеряться, запутаться, сбиться с пути Syn: mislay
    9) отставать( о часах) my watch loses three minutes every hour ≈ мои часы отстают на три минуты в час ∙ - get lost to lose sleep over smth. ≈ лишиться сна из-за чего-л.;
    огорчаться по поводу чего-л., упорно думать о чем-л. to be lost upon smb. ≈ пропасть даром, не достигнуть цели в отношении кого-л. lose one's heart ≈ влюбиться your kindness is lost upon him ≈ он не понимает, не ценит вашей доброты my hints were not lost upon him ≈ он понял мои намеки терять - to * one's purse потерять кошелек - to * a leg потерять ногу, лишиться ноги - to * one's friends потерять /лишиться/ друзей - the cloth has lost its colour ткань вылиняла /потеряла цвет/ - Charles I lost his head Карла I обезглавили затерять, не находить - to * a key затерять /задевать куда-то/ ключ - to * one's way, to be lost, to * oneself заблудиться - to * stirrup потерять стремя (конный спорт) - the goods were lost in transit товары пропали в пути утратить, потерять, не сохранить - to * one's job потерять работу, лишиться работы - to * one's place быть уволенным;
    потерять очередь;
    потерять место( в книге) - to * one's head потерять голову, растеряться - to * one's reason /senses/ лишиться рассудка, сойти с ума - to * one's rights лишиться прав, утратить свои права - to * one's hair потерять волосы - to * altitude терять высоту (о самолете) - to * sleep over smth. лишиться сна из-за чего-л. - to * patience (по) терять терпение - to * one's balance потерять равновесие;
    лишиться самообладания - to * one's temper рассердиться, раздражиться, потерять самообладание - the little grocery store is losing customers to the new supermarket новый универсам отнимает покупателей у бакалейной лавочки - he lost his voice он потерял /сорвал/ голос - it was so cold that we lost the use of our hands было так холодно, что у нас онемели руки - I lost count of his mistakes я потерял счет его ошибкам - I am beginning to * faith in him я начинаю терять веру в него избавиться, освободиться - to * one's fears избавиться /освободиться/ от своих страхов - she was dieting to * weight она соблюдала диету, чтобы похудеть - I've quite lost my cold я избавился от насморка, у меня прошел насморк - she has lost that terrified look у нее уже нет этого испуганного вида - he lost his pursuers ему удалось удрать от погони недослышать, не разглядеть - to * the end of a sentence не услышать конца фразы - she did not * a word in his lecture ни одно слово в его лекции не прошло мимо нее - what he said was lost in the applause его слова потонули в громе аплодисментов упустить, не воспользоваться - to * an opportunity упустить возможность /случай/ - to * a chance не использовать представившийся шанс - to * one's time даром тратить время, терять время понапрасну - there is not a moment to * /to be lost/ нельзя терять ни минуты;
    время не терпит - I shall * no time in doing it я это сделаю как можно раньше /не теряя времени/ пропустить, опоздать (на поезд и т. п.) - to * one's bus опоздать на автобус проигрывать - to * a game проиграть игру - to * a war проиграть войну, потерпеть поражение в войне - to * a lot of money at the races сильно проиграться на скачках - to * on points (спортивное) проиграть по очкам - the motion was lost предложение не прошло - he lost the argument его побили в споре - they lost by 3 points они недобрали трех очков не получить - to * a prize не получить приза /премии/ - to * a contract не получить контракта /заказа/ нести убыток, потери;
    терпеть ущерб - to * by /on, in/ smth. потерять на чем-л.;
    потерпеть ущерб от чего-л. - you will * nothing by waiting вы ничего не потеряете, если подождете - will the publisher * by publishing this book? будет ли опубликование этой книги убыточным для издательства? - he lost on the deal в этой сделке он остался в проигрыше лишать;
    причинять ущерб - such negligence will * you your situation такая халатность будет стоить тебе места - the delay has lost them the battle это опоздание привело их к поражению в битве потерять, лишиться (вследствие смерти) - he lost his wife он потерял жену, у него умерла жена - she lost the baby (by miscarriage) у нее был выкидыш - the army lost heavily армия понесла тяжелые потери преим. pass погибнуть, исчезнуть - the ship and all hands were lost корабль и весь экипаж погибли - both planes were lost in the crash разбились оба самолета отставать (о часах) - my watch *s two minutes a day мои часы отстают на две минуты в сутки - to lose oneself in smth. углубиться, погрузиться во что-л.;
    затеряться - to * oneself in musing погрузиться в раздумья;
    - the stream lost itself in the swamp ручей терялся в болоте - to be lost in smth. исчезнуть, затеряться в чем-л.;
    быть погруженным во что-л., с головой уйти во что-л. - the thief was lost in the crowd вор скрылся /затерялся/ в толпе - all surprise was shortly lost in other feelings удивление вскоре потонуло в других чувствах - to be lost in thought углубиться в размышления - to be lost to smth. не чувствовать, не испытывать чего-л. - to be lost to all sense of shame потерять всякое чувство стыда - to be lost on /upon/ smb. пропасть даром для кого-л., не достигнуть цели - my hints were not lost upon him он понял мои намеки - your kindness is lost upon him он не ценит вашей доброты - his eloquence was lost upon his audience его красноречие не доходило до аудитории, он понапрасну тратил красноречие - their quickness to * heart was not lost on their enemies враги сразу заметили их малодушие /не преминули воспользоваться их малодушием/ > to * sight of упустить из виду, не учесть;
    забыть > to * track of smb., smth. потерять всякую связь с кем-л., чем-л.;
    ничего не знать о ком-л., чем-л. > to * touch with reality оторваться от жизни > we lost track of time мы утратили всякое представление о времени > to * one's shirt /hair, rag, wig, cool/ выйти из себя, разозлиться;
    вспылить > to * ground отступать, отходить;
    отстать;
    оказаться в невыгодном положении;
    терять здоровье или силы > to * heart терять мужество;
    приуныть > to * one's heart to smb. влюбиться в кого-л. > to * one's legs хватить лишнего, не держаться на ногах > have you lost your tongue? вы что - язык проглотили? > I am lost without her без нее я как без рук lose: to be ~ to (all) sense of duty (shame) (совершенно) потерять чувство долга (стыда) to ~ ground отступать;
    to be lost (upon smb.) пропасть даром, не достигнуть цели (в отношении кого-л.) I've quite lost my cold у меня совсем прошел насморк ~ вызывать потерю, стоить (чего-л.) ;
    лишать (чего-л.) ;
    it will lose me my place это лишит меня места, это будет стоить мне места lose: to be ~ to (all) sense of duty (shame) (совершенно) потерять чувство долга (стыда) ~ вызывать потерю, стоить (чего-л.) ;
    лишать (чего-л.) ;
    it will lose me my place это лишит меня места, это будет стоить мне места ~ refl. заблудиться;
    to lose oneself (in smth.) глубоко погрузиться (во что-л.) ;
    углубиться (во что-л.) ~ забывать;
    to lose sleep (over smth.) лишиться сна (из-за чего-л.) ;
    огорчаться (по поводу чего-л.), упорно думать (о чем-л.) ~ недослышать;
    не разглядеть;
    to lose the end of a sentence не услышать конца фразы ~ нести убыток ~ отставать (о часах) ~ pass. погибнуть;
    исчезнуть, пропасть;
    не существовать больше;
    the ship was lost on the rocks корабль разбился о скалы ~ проигрывать;
    to lose a bet проиграть пари ~ проигрывать ~ пропустить;
    опоздать;
    to lose one's train опоздать на поезд ~ пропустить, опоздать ~ терпеть ущерб ~ (lost) терять, лишаться;
    утрачивать (свойство, качество) ;
    to lose courage растеряться, оробеть ~ терять, лишаться, утрачивать ~ терять ~ упустить, не воспользоваться;
    there is not a moment to lose нельзя терять ни минуты;
    to lose no time in doing (smth.) действовать немедленно ~ упустить, не воспользоваться ~ проигрывать;
    to lose a bet проиграть пари ~ by court order лишать по судебному приговору to ~ ground отставать to ~ ground отступать;
    to be lost (upon smb.) пропасть даром, не достигнуть цели (в отношении кого-л.) ~ упустить, не воспользоваться;
    there is not a moment to lose нельзя терять ни минуты;
    to lose no time in doing (smth.) действовать немедленно to ~ one's head сложить голову на плахе;
    перен. потерять голову to ~ one's temper рассердиться, потерять самообладание temper: to lose one's ~ выйти из себя;
    to recover( или to regain) one's temper успокоиться, овладеть собой ~ пропустить;
    опоздать;
    to lose one's train опоздать на поезд ~ refl. заблудиться;
    to lose oneself (in smth.) глубоко погрузиться (во что-л.) ;
    углубиться (во что-л.) ~ out не иметь успеха ~ out терпеть неудачу ~ забывать;
    to lose sleep (over smth.) лишиться сна (из-за чего-л.) ;
    огорчаться (по поводу чего-л.), упорно думать (о чем-л.) ~ недослышать;
    не разглядеть;
    to lose the end of a sentence не услышать конца фразы to ~ (all) track (of) потерять след, ориентацию my hints were not lost upon him он понял мои намеки ~ pass. погибнуть;
    исчезнуть, пропасть;
    не существовать больше;
    the ship was lost on the rocks корабль разбился о скалы ~ упустить, не воспользоваться;
    there is not a moment to lose нельзя терять ни минуты;
    to lose no time in doing (smth.) действовать немедленно your kindness is lost upon him он не понимает, не ценит вашей доброты

    Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > lose

  • 5 loose

    1. adjective
    1) (unrestrained) freilaufend [Tier]; (escaped) ausgebrochen

    set or turn loose — freilassen

    2) (not firm) locker [Zahn, Schraube, Mutter, Knopf, Messerklinge]

    come/get/work loose — sich lockern; see also academic.ru/64936/screw">screw 1. 1)

    3) (not fixed) lose
    4) (not bound together) lose; offen [Haar]
    5) (slack) locker; schlaff [Haut, Gewebe usw.]; beweglich [Glieder]
    6) (hanging free) lose

    be at a loose end — or (Amer.)

    at loose ends — (fig.) beschäftigungslos sein; (not knowing what to do with oneself) nichts zu tun haben; nichts anzufangen wissen

    7) (inexact) ungenau; schief [Vergleich]; frei [Stil]; unsauber [Denken]
    8) (morally lax) liederlich [Leben[swandel], Person]; locker [Moral, Lebenswandel]
    2. transitive verb
    1) loslassen [Hund usw.]
    2) (untie) lösen; aufmachen (ugs.)
    3)

    loose [off] — abschießen [Pfeil]; abfeuern [Feuerwaffe, Salve]; abgeben [Schuss, Salve]

    4) (relax) lockern

    loose [one's] hold — loslassen

    * * *
    [lu:s]
    1) (not tight; not firmly stretched: a loose coat; This belt is loose.) lose
    2) (not firmly fixed: This button is loose.) lose
    3) (not tied; free: The horses are loose in the field.) frei
    4) (not packed; not in a packet: loose biscuits.) lose
    •
    - loosely
    - looseness
    - loosen
    - loose-leaf
    - break loose
    - let loose
    * * *
    [lu:s]
    I. adj
    1. (not tight) locker
    \loose cash/coins Kleingeld nt, Münz pl SCHWEIZ
    \loose connection Wackelkontakt m
    \loose sheets of paper lose Blätter Papier
    \loose skin schlaffe Haut
    to hang \loose lose herabhängen
    to work itself \loose sich akk lockern; sth glued sich akk lösen
    \loose hair offenes Haar
    her hair was hanging \loose sie trug ihr Haar offen
    3. (not confined) frei
    to be \loose criminal frei herumlaufen
    to get [or break] \loose person, dog sich akk losreißen
    to let [or set] an animal \loose ein Tier loslassen, einem Tier freien Lauf lassen
    a bunch of idiots was let \loose on a nuclear power station sie haben so ein paar Idioten auf dem Gelände eines Atomkraftwerks völlig frei herumlaufen lassen
    to let a dog \loose on sb einen Hund auf jdn loslassen
    4. (not exact) ungefähr attr; (not strict) lose
    \loose adaptation freie Bearbeitung
    \loose discipline mangelhafte Disziplin
    \loose translation freie Übersetzung
    5. (not compact)
    \loose weave grobmaschiges Gewebe
    \loose bowels [or \loose bowel movement] Durchfall m
    to be \loose [or ( form) to suffer from \loose bowels] Durchfall haben, an Durchfall leiden form
    7. clothing weit, locker
    a \loose fit eine lockere Passform
    I'll take the jacket with the \loosest fit ich nehme das Jackett, das am lockersten und angenehmsten sitzt
    8. (relaxed)
    \loose stride lockere [o entspannte] Gangart
    \loose talk Getratsch[e] nt, Geschwätz nt
    \loose tongue loses Mundwerk fam
    10. ( pej dated or hum: immoral) lose veraltend, locker
    \loose living lockerer Lebenswandel
    \loose morals lockere Moral
    \loose woman Frau f mit lockerem Lebenswandel, loses Mädchen veraltet
    11. SPORT
    \loose play Spiel, bei dem die Spieler über das ganze Spielfeld verteilt sind
    12. (in cricket)
    \loose bowling ungenauer Wurf
    \loose play unvorsichtiges [o unachtsames] Spiel
    13. SCI
    \loose radiation inkohärente Strahlung
    \loose linkage gelockerte Bindung
    14.
    ▶ to hang [or stay] \loose AM (sl) cool [o locker] bleiben sl
    ▶ to let \loose sth [or to let sth \loose] etw loslassen
    the allies let \loose an intensive artillery bombardment die Alliierten begannen mit intensivem Artilleriebeschuss
    he let \loose a shriek of delight er ließ einen Freudenschrei los
    II. n no pl LAW
    to be on the \loose frei herumlaufen
    III. vt
    ▪ to \loose sth etw freilassen [o loslassen]
    \loose the dogs! lass die Hunde los!
    the minister \loosed a tirade against the opposition leader ( liter) der Minister ließ eine Schimpfkanonade gegen den Oppositionsführer los
    to \loose a knot/rope einen Knoten/ein Seil lösen
    to \loose one's hold [or grip] loslassen
    she never \loosed her hold on her conviction sie gab ihre Überzeugung niemals auf
    * * *
    [luːs]
    1. adj (+er)
    1) (= not tight, movable) board, button lose; dress, collar weit; tooth, bandage, knot, screw, soil, weave locker; limbs beweglich, locker

    to come or work loose (screw, handle etc) — sich lockern; (sole, cover etc) sich (los)lösen; (button) abgehen

    2)

    (= free) to break or get loose (person, animal) — sich losreißen ( from von); (ship) sich (von der Vertäuung) losreißen; (from group of players etc) sich trennen, sich lösen

    to run loose — frei herumlaufen; (children) unbeaufsichtigt herumlaufen

    to turn or let or set loose (animal) — frei herumlaufen lassen; prisoner freilassen; imagination freien Lauf lassen (+dat)

    to let loose political forces that will be difficult to control — politische Kräfte entfesseln or freisetzen, die nur schwer unter Kontrolle zu bringen sind

    3) (= not exact, vague) translation frei; account, thinking, planning ungenau; connection lose

    in a loose sense — im weiteren Sinne

    4) (= informal) group, alliance, organization, arrangement lose, locker
    5) (= too free, immoral) conduct lose; morals locker; person unmoralisch, lose

    a loose life —

    do you think that's being loose? — meinst du, das ist unmoralisch?

    2. n (inf)

    he was on the loose in Paris —

    oh dear, when these two are on the loose — wehe, wenn sie losgelassen!

    3. vt
    1) (= free) befreien
    2) (= untie) losmachen
    3) (= slacken) lockern
    4) bullet, missile abfeuern; arrow schießen; gun feuern; (fig) tirade, curse loslassen
    * * *
    loose [luːs]
    A adj (adv loosely)
    1. a) los(e), locker
    b) frei, nicht angebunden oder eingesperrt:
    break loose sich befreien oder losreißen ( from von); (aus der Haft) ausbrechen;
    come ( oder get) loose abgehen (Knopf etc), sich lockern (Schraube etc), sich ablösen, abblättern (Farbe etc); loskommen (Tier etc);
    cut loose sich gehen lassen; loslegen umg ( with mit); auf den Putz hauen umg;
    let loose einen Hund von der Leine lassen, auch Flüche etc loslassen, seinem Ärger etc Luft machen, freien Lauf lassen; nachgeben (Material), sich lockern (Schraube etc);
    run loose frei herumlaufen;
    turn loose freilassen; einen Hund etc loslassen (on auf akk);
    loose connection ELEK Wackelkontakt m; → screw A 1
    2. locker (Boden, Gewebe etc):
    have loose bowels weichen Stuhl(gang) haben
    3. a) lose (Haar, Geldscheine etc):
    loose change Kleingeld n, Münzen pl;
    wear one’s hair loose das Haar offen tragen
    b) offen, lose, unverpackt (Ware):
    buy sth loose etwas offen kaufen;
    be at a loose end (US at loose ends) nichts zu tun haben; nicht recht wissen, was man( mit sich) anfangen soll
    4. lose sitzend, weit (Kleidungsstück)
    5. fig
    a) lose (Abmachung, Zusammenhang etc)
    b) frei, liberal (Auslegung etc)
    c) frei, ungenau (Übersetzung etc)
    d) unlogisch, wirr (Gedankengang etc):
    loose thinker Wirrkopf m
    e) unkonzentriert, nachlässig (Spielweise etc)
    f) unkontrolliert:
    6. a) locker (Moral, Lebenswandel etc): → liver2, living B 3
    b) schlüpfrig (Roman etc)
    7. WIRTSCH verfügbar (Geld etc)
    B adv lose, locker (meist in Zusammensetzungen): → loose-fitting, etc
    C v/t
    1. los-, freilassen
    2. einen Knoten etc, auch fig die Zunge lösen:
    the wine loosed his tongue der Wein löste ihm die Zunge
    3. lösen, befreien ( beide:
    from von)
    4. auch SCHIFF losmachen
    5. den Boden etc (auf)lockern
    6. auch loose off eine Waffe, einen Schuss abfeuern, einen Pfeil etc abschießen
    7. lockern:
    loose one’s hold of sth etwas loslassen
    D v/i
    1. SCHIFF den Anker lichten
    2. auch loose off schießen (at auf akk)
    a) auf freiem Fuß sein,
    b) auch go on the loose umg auf den Putz hauen
    * * *
    1. adjective
    1) (unrestrained) freilaufend [Tier]; (escaped) ausgebrochen

    set or turn loose — freilassen

    2) (not firm) locker [Zahn, Schraube, Mutter, Knopf, Messerklinge]

    come/get/work loose — sich lockern; see also screw 1. 1)

    3) (not fixed) lose
    4) (not bound together) lose; offen [Haar]
    5) (slack) locker; schlaff [Haut, Gewebe usw.]; beweglich [Glieder]

    be at a loose end — or (Amer.)

    at loose ends — (fig.) beschäftigungslos sein; (not knowing what to do with oneself) nichts zu tun haben; nichts anzufangen wissen

    7) (inexact) ungenau; schief [Vergleich]; frei [Stil]; unsauber [Denken]
    8) (morally lax) liederlich [Leben[swandel], Person]; locker [Moral, Lebenswandel]
    2. transitive verb
    1) loslassen [Hund usw.]
    2) (untie) lösen; aufmachen (ugs.)
    3)

    loose [off] — abschießen [Pfeil]; abfeuern [Feuerwaffe, Salve]; abgeben [Schuss, Salve]

    4) (relax) lockern

    loose [one's] hold — loslassen

    * * *
    (sharp) tongue n.
    Zunge f. adj.
    locker adj.
    los adj.
    verlassen adj. v.
    verlassen v.

    English-german dictionary > loose

  • 6 loose

    [lu:s] adj
    1) ( not tight) locker;
    \loose cash/ coins Kleingeld nt;
    \loose connection Wackelkontakt m;
    \loose sheets of paper lose Blätter Papier;
    \loose skin schlaffe Haut;
    to hang \loose lose herabhängen;
    to work itself \loose sich akk lockern; sth glued sich akk lösen
    2) ( untied)
    \loose hair offenes Haar;
    her hair was hanging \loose sie trug ihr Haar offen
    3) ( not confined) frei;
    to be \loose criminal frei herumlaufen;
    to get [or break] \loose person, dog sich akk losreißen;
    to let [or set] an animal \loose ein Tier loslassen, einem Tier freien Lauf lassen;
    a bunch of idiots was let \loose on a nuclear power station sie haben so ein paar Idioten auf dem Gelände eines Atomkraftwerks völlig frei herumlaufen lassen;
    to let a dog \loose on sb einen Hund auf jdn loslassen
    4) ( not exact) ungefähr attr, ( not strict) lose;
    \loose adaptation freie Bearbeitung;
    \loose discipline mangelhafte Disziplin;
    \loose translation freie Übersetzung
    \loose weave grobmaschiges Gewebe
    6) ( diarrhoea)
    \loose bowels [or \loose bowel movement] Durchfall m;
    to be \loose [or ( form) to suffer from \loose bowels] Durchfall haben, an Durchfall leiden ( form)
    7) clothing weit, locker;
    a \loose fit eine lockere Passform;
    I'll take the jacket with the \looseest fit ich nehme das Jackett, das am lockersten und angenehmsten sitzt
    8) ( relaxed)
    \loose stride lockere [o entspannte] Gangart
    \loose talk Getratsch[e] nt, Geschwätz nt;
    \loose tongue loses Mundwerk ( fam)
    10)( pej) ( (dated); ( hum): immoral) lose veraltend, locker;
    \loose living lockerer Lebenswandel;
    \loose morals lockere Moral;
    \loose woman Frau f mit lockerem Lebenswandel loses Mädchen veraltet
    \loose play Spiel, bei dem die Spieler über das ganze Spielfeld verteilt sind
    \loose bowling ungenauer Wurf;
    \loose play unvorsichtiges [o unachtsames] Spiel
    PHRASES:
    to hang [or stay] \loose (Am) (sl) cool [o locker] bleiben (sl)
    to let \loose sth [or to let sth \loose] etw loslassen;
    the allies let \loose an intensive artillery bombardment die Alliierten begannen mit intensivem Artilleriebeschuss;
    he let \loose a shriek of delight er ließ einen Freudenschrei los n
    to be on the \loose frei herumlaufen vt
    1) ( set free)
    to \loose sth etw freilassen [o loslassen];
    \loose the dogs! lass die Hunde los!;
    the minister \loosed a tirade against the opposition leader ( liter) der Minister ließ eine Schimpfkanonade gegen den Oppositionsführer los
    2) ( untie)
    to \loose a knot/ rope einen Knoten/ein Seil lösen
    3) ( relax)
    to \loose one's hold [or grip] loslassen;
    she never \loosed her hold on her conviction sie gab ihre Überzeugung niemals auf

    English-German students dictionary > loose

  • 7 lose

    [lu:z] v (lost)
    I
    1. терять

    to lose a leg [an arm, two fingers] - потерять ногу [руку, два пальца], лишиться ноги [руки, двух пальцев]

    to lose one's friends - потерять /лишиться/ друзей

    the cloth has lost its colour - ткань вылиняла /потеряла цвет/

    2. затерять, не находить

    to lose a key [a book] - затерять /задевать куда-то/ ключ [книгу]

    to lose one's way, to be lost, to lose oneself - заблудиться

    3. 1) утратить, потерять, не сохранить

    to lose one's job - потерять работу, лишиться работы

    to lose one's place - а) быть уволенным; б) потерять очередь; в) потерять место ( в книге)

    to lose one's head - потерять голову, растеряться

    to lose one's reason /senses/ - лишиться рассудка, сойти с ума

    to lose one's rights - лишиться прав, утратить свои права

    to lose one's hair [one's sight, one's health, one's memory, one's good looks] - потерять волосы [зрение, здоровье, память, привлекательность]

    to lose sleep over smth. - лишиться сна из-за чего-л.

    to lose one's balance - а) (по)терять равновесие; б) лишиться самообладания

    to lose one's temper - рассердиться, раздражиться, потерять самообладание

    the little grocery store is losing customers to the new supermarket - новый универсам отнимает покупателей у бакалейной лавочки

    he lost his voice - он потерял /сорвал/ голос

    it was so cold that we lost the use of our hands - было так холодно, что у нас онемели руки

    2) избавиться, освободиться

    to lose one's fears - избавиться /освободиться/ от своих страхов

    she was dieting to lose weight - она соблюдала диету, чтобы похудеть

    I've quite lost my cold - я избавился от насморка, у меня прошёл насморк

    4. недослышать, не разглядеть

    she did not lose a word in his lecture - ни одно слово в его лекции не прошло мимо неё

    what he said was lost in the applause - его слова потонули в громе аплодисментов

    5. 1) упустить, не воспользоваться

    to lose an opportunity - упустить возможность /случай/

    to lose one's time - даром тратить время, терять время понапрасну

    there is not a moment to lose /to be lost/ - нельзя терять ни минуты; время не терпит

    I shall lose no time in doing it - я это сделаю как можно раньше /не теряя времени/

    2) пропустить, опоздать (на поезд и т. п.)
    6. 1) проигрывать

    to lose a game [a bet, a lawsuit] - проиграть игру [пари, судебный процесс]

    to lose a war - проиграть войну, потерпеть поражение в войне

    to lose on points - спорт. проиграть по очкам

    2) не получить

    to lose a prize - не получить приза /премии/

    to lose a contract - не получить контракта /заказа/

    7. 1) нести убыток, потери; терпеть ущерб

    to lose by /on, in/ smth. - потерять на чём-л.; потерпеть ущерб от чего-л.

    you will lose nothing by waiting - вы ничего не потеряете, если подождёте

    will the publisher lose by publishing this book? - будет ли опубликование этой книги убыточным для издательства?

    2) лишать; причинять ущерб

    such negligence will lose you your situation - такая халатность будет стоить тебе места

    the delay has lost them the battle - это опоздание привело их к поражению в битве

    8. 1) потерять, лишиться ( вследствие смерти)

    he lost his wife - он потерял жену, у него умерла жена

    2) преим. pass погибнуть, исчезнуть
    9. отставать ( о часах)
    II Б
    1. to lose oneself in smth.
    1) углубиться, погрузиться во что-л.
    2) затеряться где-л.
    2. to be lost in smth.
    1) исчезнуть, затеряться в чём-л.

    the thief was lost in the crowd - вор скрылся /затерялся/ в толпе

    all surprise was shortly lost in other feelings - удивление вскоре потонуло в других чувствах

    2) быть погружённым во что-л., с головой уйти во что-л.
    3. to be lost to smth. не чувствовать, не испытывать чего-л.

    to be lost to all sense of shame [of honour, of duty] - потерять всякое чувство стыда [чести, долга]

    4. to be lost on /upon/ smb. пропасть даром для кого-л., не достигнуть цели

    his eloquence was lost upon his audience - его красноречие не доходило до аудитории, он понапрасну тратил красноречие

    their quickness to lose heart was not lost on their enemies - враги сразу заметили их малодушие /не преминули воспользоваться их малодушием/

    ♢

    to lose sight of - упустить из виду, не учесть; забыть

    to lose track of smb., smth. - потерять всякую связь с кем-л., чем-л.; ничего не знать о ком-л., чём-л.

    to lose one's shirt /hair, rag, wig, cool/ - выйти из себя, разозлиться; вспылить

    to lose ground - а) отступать, отходить; б) отстать; оказаться в невыгодном положении; в) терять здоровье или силы [см. тж. ground1 I ♢ ]

    to lose heart - терять мужество; приуныть

    to lose one's heart to smb. - влюбиться в кого-л.

    to lose one's legs см. leg I ♢

    have you lost your tongue? - вы что - язык проглотили?

    НБАРС > lose

  • 8 lend your money and lose your friend

    var: a loan oft loses both itself and the friend
    ≅ коли хочеш приятеля позбутися, то позич йому грошей пробуй золото вогнем, а дружбу – грішми

    English-Ukrainian dictionary of proverbs > lend your money and lose your friend

  • 9 Chronology

      15,000-3,000 BCE Paleolithic cultures in western Portugal.
      400-200 BCE Greek and Carthaginian trade settlements on coast.
      202 BCE Roman armies invade ancient Lusitania.
      137 BCE Intensive Romanization of Lusitania begins.
      410 CE Germanic tribes — Suevi and Visigoths—begin conquest of Roman Lusitania and Galicia.
      714—16 Muslims begin conquest of Visigothic Lusitania.
      1034 Christian Reconquest frontier reaches Mondego River.
      1064 Christians conquer Coimbra.
      1139 Burgundian Count Afonso Henriques proclaims himself king of Portugal; birth of Portugal. Battle of Ourique: Afonso Henriques defeats Muslims.
      1147 With English Crusaders' help, Portuguese seize Lisbon from Muslims.
      1179 Papacy formally recognizes Portugal's independence (Pope Alexander III).
      1226 Campaign to reclaim Alentejo from Muslims begins.
      1249 Last Muslim city (Silves) falls to Portuguese Army.
      1381 Beginning of third war between Castile and Portugal.
      1383 Master of Aviz, João, proclaimed regent by Lisbon populace.
      1385 April: Master of Aviz, João I, proclaimed king of Portugal by Cortes of Coimbra. 14 August: Battle of Aljubarrota, Castilians defeated by royal forces, with assistance of English army.
      1394 Birth of "Prince Henry the Navigator," son of King João I.
      1415 Beginning of overseas expansion as Portugal captures Moroccan city of Ceuta.
      1419 Discovery of Madeira Islands.
      1425-28 Prince D. Pedro, older brother of Prince Henry, travels in Europe.
      1427 Discovery (or rediscovery?) of Azores Islands.
      1434 Prince Henry the Navigator's ships pass beyond Cape Bojador, West Africa.
      1437 Disaster at Tangier, Morocco, as Portuguese fail to capture city.
      1441 First African slaves from western Africa reach Portugal.
      1460 Death of Prince Henry. Portuguese reach what is now Senegal, West Africa.
      1470s Portuguese explore West African coast and reach what is now Ghana and Nigeria and begin colonizing islands of São Tomé and Príncipe.
      1479 Treaty of Alcáçovas between kings of Portugal and Spain.
      1482 Portuguese establish post at São Jorge da Mina, Gold Coast (now Ghana).
      1482-83 Portuguese navigator Diogo Cão reaches mouth of Congo River and Angola.
      1488 Navigator Bartolomeu Dias rounds Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, and finds route to Indian Ocean.
      1492-93 Columbus's first voyage to West Indies.
      1493 Columbus visits Azores and Portugal on return from first voyage; tells of discovery of New World. Treaty of Tordesillas signed between kings of Portugal and Spain: delimits spheres of conquest with line 370 leagues west of Cape Verde Islands (claimed by Portugal); Portugal's sphere to east of line includes, in effect, Brazil.
       King Manuel I and Royal Council decide to continue seeking all-water route around Africa to Asia.
       King Manuel I expels unconverted Jews from Portugal.
      1497-99 Epic voyage of Vasco da Gama from Portugal around Africa to west India, successful completion of sea route to Asia project; da Gama returns to Portugal with samples of Asian spices.
      1500 Bound for India, Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral "discovers" coast of Brazil and claims it for Portugal.
      1506 Anti-Jewish riots in Lisbon.
       Battle of Diu, India; Portugal's command of Indian Ocean assured for some time with Francisco de Almeida's naval victory over Egyptian and Gujerati fleets.
       Afonso de Albuquerque conquers Goa, India; beginning of Portuguese hegemony in south Asia.
       Portuguese conquest of Malacca; commerce in Spice Islands.
      1519 Magellan begins circumnavigation voyage.
      1536 Inquisition begins in Portugal.
      1543 Portuguese merchants reach Japan.
      1557 Portuguese merchants granted Chinese territory of Macau for trading factory.
      1572 Luís de Camões publishes epic poem, Os Lusíadas.
      1578 Battle of Alcácer-Quivir; Moroccan forces defeat army of King Sebastião of Portugal; King Sebastião dies in battle. Portuguese succession crisis.
      1580 King Phillip II of Spain claims and conquers Portugal; Spanish rule of Portugal, 1580-1640.
      1607-24 Dutch conquer sections of Asia and Brazil formerly held by Portugal.
      1640 1 December: Portuguese revolution in Lisbon overthrows Spanish rule, restores independence. Beginning of Portugal's Braganza royal dynasty.
      1654 Following Dutch invasions and conquest of parts of Brazil and Angola, Dutch expelled by force.
      1661 Anglo-Portuguese Alliance treaty signed: England pledges to defend Portugal "as if it were England itself." Queen Catherine of Bra-ganza marries England's Charles II.
      1668 February: In Portuguese-Spanish peace treaty, Spain recognizes independence of Portugal, thus ending 28-year War of Restoration.
      1703 Methuen Treaties signed, key commercial trade agreement and defense treaty between England and Portugal.
      1750 Pombal becomes chief minister of King José I.
      1755 1 November: Massive Lisbon earthquake, tidal wave, and fire.
      1759 Expulsion of Jesuits from Portugal and colonies.
      1761 Slavery abolished in continental Portugal.
      1769 Abandonment of Mazagão, Morocco, last Portuguese outpost.
      1777 Pombal dismissed as chief minister by Queen Maria I, after death of José I.
      1791 Portugal and United States establish full diplomatic relations.
      1807 November: First Napoleonic invasion; French forces under Junot conquer Portugal. Royal family flees to colony of Brazil and remains there until 1821.
      1809 Second French invasion of Portugal under General Soult.
      1811 Third French invasion of Portugal under General Masséna.
      1813 Following British general Wellington's military victories, French forces evacuate Portugal.
      1817 Liberal, constitutional movements against absolutist monarchist rule break out in Brazil (Pernambuco) and Portugal (Lisbon, under General Gomes Freire); crushed by government. British marshal of Portugal's army, Beresford, rules Portugal.
       Liberal insurrection in army officer corps breaks out in Cadiz, Spain, and influences similar movement in Portugal's armed forces first in Oporto.
       King João VI returns from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and early draft of constitution; era of constitutional monarchy begins.
      1822 7 September: João VI's son Pedro proclaims independence of
       Brazil from Portugal and is named emperor. 23 September: Constitution of 1822 ratified.
       Portugal recognizes sovereign independence of Brazil.
       King João VI dies; power struggle for throne ensues between his sons, brothers Pedro and Miguel; Pedro, emperor of Brazil, abdicates Portuguese throne in favor of his daughter, D. Maria II, too young to assume crown. By agreement, Miguel, uncle of D. Maria, is to accept constitution and rule in her stead.
      1828 Miguel takes throne and abolishes constitution. Sections of Portugal rebel against Miguelite rule.
      1831 Emperor Pedro abdicates throne of Brazil and returns to Portugal to expel King Miguel from Portuguese throne.
      1832-34 Civil war between absolutist King Miguel and constitutionalist Pedro, who abandons throne of Brazil to restore his young daughter Maria to throne of Portugal; Miguel's armed forces defeated by those of Pedro. Miguel leaves for exile and constitution (1826 Charter) is restored.
      1834-53 Constitutional monarchy consolidated under rule of Queen Maria II, who dies in 1853.
      1851-71 Regeneration period of economic development and political stability; public works projects sponsored by Minister Fontes Pereira de Melo.
      1871-90 Rotativism period of alternating party governments; achieves political stability and less military intervention in politics and government. Expansion of colonial territory in tropical Africa.
       January: Following territorial dispute in central Africa, Britain delivers "Ultimatum" to Portugal demanding withdrawal of Portugal's forces from what is now Malawi and Zimbabwe. Portugal's government, humiliated in accepting demand under threat of a diplomatic break, falls. Beginning of governmental and political instability; monarchist decline and republicanism's rise.
       Anglo-Portuguese treaties signed relating to delimitation of frontiers in colonial Africa.
      1899 Treaty of Windsor; renewal of Anglo-Portuguese defense and friendship alliance.
      1903 Triumphal visit of King Edward VII to Portugal.
      1906 Politician João Franco supported by King Carlos I in dictatorship to restore order and reform.
      1908 1 February: Murder in Lisbon of King Carlos I and his heir apparent, Prince Dom Luís, by Portuguese anarchists. Eighteen-year-old King Manuel II assumes throne.
      1910 3-5 October: Following republican-led military insurrection in armed forces, monarchy falls and first Portuguese republic is proclaimed. Beginning of unstable, economically troubled, parliamentary republic form of government.
       May: Violent insurrection in Lisbon overturns government of General Pimenta de Castro; nearly a thousand casualties from several days of armed combat in capital.
       March: Following Portugal's honoring ally Britain's request to confiscate German shipping in Portuguese harbors, Germany declares war on Portugal; Portugal enters World War I on Allied side.
       Portugal organizes and dispatches Portuguese Expeditionary Corps to fight on the Western Front. 9 April: Portuguese forces mauled by German offensive in Battle of Lys. Food rationing and riots in Lisbon. Portuguese military operations in Mozambique against German expedition's invasion from German East Africa. 5 December: Authoritarian, presidentialist government under Major Sidónio Pais takes power in Lisbon, following a successful military coup.
      1918 11 November: Armistice brings cessation of hostilities on Western Front in World War I. Portuguese expeditionary forces stationed in Angola, Mozambique, and Flanders begin return trip to Portugal. 14 December: President Sidónio Pais assassinated. Chaotic period of ephemeral civil war ensues.
      1919-21 Excessively unstable political period, including January
      1919 abortive effort of Portuguese monarchists to restore Braganza dynasty to power. Republican forces prevail, but level of public violence, economic distress, and deprivation remains high.
      1921 October: Political violence attains peak with murder of former prime minister and other prominent political figures in Lisbon. Sectors of armed forces and Guarda Nacional Republicana are mutinous. Year of financial and corruption scandals, including Portuguese bank note (fraud) case; military court acquits guilty military insurrectionists, and one military judge declares "the country is sick."
       28 May: Republic overthrown by military coup or pronunciamento and conspiracy among officer corps. Parliament's doors locked and parliament closed for nearly nine years to January 1935. End of parliamentary republic, Western Europe's most unstable political system in this century, beginning of the Portuguese dictatorship, after 1930 known as the Estado Novo. Officer corps assumes reins of government, initiates military censorship of the press, and suppresses opposition.
       February: Military dictatorship under General Óscar Carmona crushes failed republican armed insurrection in Oporto and Lisbon.
       April: Military dictatorship names Professor Antônio de Oliveira Salazar minister of finance, with dictatorial powers over budget, to stabilize finances and rebuild economy. Insurrectionism among military elements continues into 1931.
      1930 Dr. Salazar named minister for colonies and announces balanced budgets. Salazar consolidates support by various means, including creation of official regime "movement," the National Union. Salazar engineers Colonial Act to ensure Lisbon's control of bankrupt African colonies by means of new fiscal controls and centralization of authority. July: Military dictatorship names Salazar prime minister for first time, and cabinet composition undergoes civilianization; academic colleagues and protégés plan conservative reform and rejuvenation of society, polity, and economy. Regime comes to be called the Estado Novo (New State). New State's constitution ratified by new parliament, the National Assembly; Portugal described in document as "unitary, corporative Republic" and governance influenced by Salazar's stern personality and doctrines such as integralism, Catholicism, and fiscal conservatism.
      1936 Violent instability and ensuing civil war in neighboring Spain, soon internationalized by fascist and communist intervention, shake Estado Novo regime. Pseudofascist period of regime features creation of imitation Fascist institutions to defend regime from leftist threats; Portugal institutes "Portuguese Youth" and "Portuguese Legion."
      1939 3 September: Prime Minister Salazar declares Portugal's neutrality in World War II. October: Anglo-Portuguese agreement grants naval and air base facilities to Britain and later to United States for Battle of the Atlantic and Normandy invasion support. Third Reich protests breach of Portugal's neutrality.
       6 June: On day of Allies' Normandy invasion, Portugal suspends mining and export of wolfram ore to both sides in war.
       8 May: Popular celebrations of Allied victory and Fascist defeat in Lisbon and Oporto coincide with Victory in Europe Day. Following managed elections for Estado Novo's National Assembly in November, regime police, renamed PIDE, with increased powers, represses opposition.
      1947 Abortive military coup in central Portugal easily crushed by regime. Independence of India and initiation of Indian protests against Portuguese colonial rule in Goa and other enclaves.
      1949 Portugal becomes founding member of NATO.
      1951 Portugal alters constitution and renames overseas colonies "Overseas Provinces." Portugal and United States sign military base agreements for use of air and naval facilities in Azores Islands and military aid to Lisbon. President Carmona dies in office, succeeded by General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58). July: Indians occupy enclave of Portuguese India (dependency of Damão) by means of passive resistance movement. August: Indian passive resistance movement in Portuguese India repelled by Portuguese forces with loss of life. December: With U.S. backing, Portugal admitted as member of United Nations (along with Spain). Air force general Humberto Delgado, in opposition, challenges Estado Novo's hand-picked successor to Craveiro Lopes, Admiral Américo Tomás. Delgado rallies coalition of democratic, liberal, and communist opposition but loses rigged election and later flees to exile in Brazil. Portugal joins European Free Trade Association (EFTA).
       January and February: Estado Novo rocked by armed African insurrection in northern Angola, crushed by armed forces. Hijacking of Portuguese ocean liner by ally of Delgado, Captain Henrique Galvão. April: Salazar defeats attempted military coup and reshuffles cabinet with group of younger figures who seek to reform colonial rule and strengthen the regime's image abroad. 18 December: Indian army rapidly defeats Portugal's defense force in Goa, Damão, and Diu and incorporates Portugal's Indian possessions into Indian Union. January: Abortive military coup in Beja, Portugal.
      1965 February: General Delgado and his Brazilian secretary murdered and secretly buried near Spanish frontier by political police, PIDE.
      1968 August and September: Prime Minister Salazar, aged 79, suffers crippling stoke. President Tomás names former cabinet officer Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor. Caetano institutes modest reforms in Portugal and overseas.
      1971 Caetano government ratifies amended constitution that allows slight devolution and autonomy to overseas provinces in Africa and Asia. Right-wing loyalists oppose reforms in Portugal. 25 April: Military coup engineered by Armed Forces Movement overthrows Estado Novo and establishes provisional government emphasizing democratization, development, and decolonization. Limited resistance by loyalists. President Tomás and Premier Caetano flown to exile first in Madeira and then in Brazil. General Spínola appointed president. September: Revolution moves to left, as President Spínola, thwarted in his program, resigns.
       March: Military coup by conservative forces fails, and leftist response includes nationalization of major portion of economy. Polarization between forces and parties of left and right. 25 November: Military coup by moderate military elements thwarts leftist forces. Constituent Assembly prepares constitution. Revolution moves from left to center and then right.
       March: Constitution ratified by Assembly of the Republic. 25 April: Second general legislative election gives largest share of seats to Socialist Party (PS). Former oppositionist lawyer, Mário Soares, elected deputy and named prime minister.
      1977-85 Political pendulum of democratic Portugal moves from center-left to center-right, as Social Democratic Party (PSD) increases hold on assembly and take office under Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. July
      1985 elections give edge to PSD who advocate strong free-enterprise measures and revision of leftist-generated 1976 Constitution, amended modestly in 1982.
      1986 January: Portugal joins European Economic Community (EEC).
      1987 July: General, legislative elections for assembly give more than 50 percent to PSD led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. For first time, since 1974, Portugal has a working majority government.
      1989 June: Following revisions of 1976 Constitution, reprivatization of economy begins, under PS government.
       January: Presidential elections, Mário Soares reelected for second term. July: General, legislative elections for assembly result in new PSD victory and majority government.
       January-July: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Economic Community (EEC). December: Tariff barriers fall as fully integrated Common Market established in the EEC.
       November: Treaty of Maastricht comes into force. The EEC officially becomes the European Union (EU). Portugal is signatory with 11 other member-nations.
       October: General, legislative elections for assembly result in PS victory and naming of Prime Minister Guterres. PS replace PSD as leading political party. November: Excavations for Lisbon bank uncover ancient Phoenician, Roman, and Christian ruins.
       January: General, presidential elections; socialist Jorge Sampaio defeats PSD's Cavaco Silva and assumes presidency from Dr. Mário Soares. July: Community of Portuguese Languages Countries (CPLP) cofounded by Portugal and Brazil.
       May-September: Expo '98 held in Lisbon. Opening of Vasco da Gama Bridge across Tagus River, Europe's longest (17 kilometers/ 11 miles). June: National referendum on abortion law change defeated after low voter turnout. November: National referendum on regionaliza-tion and devolution of power defeated after another low voter turnout.
       October: General, legislative elections: PS victory over PSD lacks clear majority in parliament. Following East Timor referendum, which votes for independence and withdrawal of Indonesia, outburst of popular outrage in streets, media, and communications of Portugal approves armed intervention and administration of United Nations (and withdrawal of Indonesia) in East Timor. Portugal and Indonesia restore diplomatic relations. December: A Special Territory since 1975, Colony of Macau transferred to sovereignty of People's Republic of China.
       January-June: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the EU; end of Discoveries Historical Commemoration Cycle (1988-2000).
       United Nations forces continue to occupy and administer former colony of East Timor, with Portugal's approval.
       January: General, presidential elections; PS president Sampaio reelected for second term. City of Oporto, "European City of Culture" for the year, hosts arts festival. December: Municipal elections: PSD defeats PS; socialist prime minister Guterres resigns; President Sampaio calls March parliamentary elections.
       1 January: Portugal enters single European Currency system. Euro currency adopted and ceases use of former national currency, the escudo. March: Parliamentary elections; PSD defeats PS and José Durão Barroso becomes prime minister. Military modernization law passed. Portugal holds chairmanship of Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).
       May: Municipal law passed permitting municipalities to reorganize in new ways.
       June: Prime Minister Durão Barroso, invited to succeed Romano Prodi as president of EU Commission, resigns. Pedro Santana Lopes becomes prime minister. European Parliament elections held. Conscription for national service in army and navy ended. Mass grave uncovered at Academy of Sciences Museum, Lisbon, revealing remains of several thousand victims of Lisbon earthquake, 1755.
       February: Parliamentary elections; PS defeats PSD, socialists win first absolute majority in parliament since 1975. José Sócrates becomes prime minister.
       January: Presidential elections; PSD candidate Aníbal Cavaco Silva elected and assumes presidency from Jorge Sampaio. Portugal's national soccer team ranked 7th out of 205 countries by international soccer association. European Union's Bologna Process in educational reform initiated in Portugal.
       July-December: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Union. For reasons of economy, Portugal announces closure of many consulates, especially in France and the eastern US. Government begins official inspections of private institutions of higher education, following scandals.
      2008 January: Prime Minister Sócrates announces location of new Lisbon area airport as Alcochete, on south bank of Tagus River, site of air force shooting range. February: Portuguese Army begins to receive new modern battle tanks (Leopard 2 A6). March: Mass protest of 85,000 public school (primary and secondary levels) teachers in Lisbon schools dispute recent educational policies of minister of education and prime minister.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Chronology

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